Lung transcriptome of e cigarette users reveals changes related to chronic lung disease European Respiratory Society Relations among cigarette dependence, e cigarette dependence, and key dependence criteria among dual users of combustible and e cigarettes. NIH funded studies show damaging effects of vaping, smoking on blood vessels National Institutes of Health (NIH) Chronic E Cigarette Use Impairs Endothelial Function on the Physiological and Cellular Levels Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology E Cigarette Boxes E cigarettes